Pengaruh Fraksi Volume Terhadap Kekuatan Komposit Berpenguat Serat Kenaf dan Microcrystalline Cellulose

M. Ali Indragiri, Nana Supriyatna, Sakuri Dahlan

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Abstrak Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui pengaruh fraksi volume serat kenaf, kekuatan tarik kekuatan lentur, dan modulus elastisitas. Serat kenaf dilakukan perlakuan alkali dengan merendam serat dalam larutan NaOH sebanyak 6 % dan aquades dengan waktu perendaman selama 6 jam. Serat dikeringkan dalam tempat tertutup dengan suhu ruang selama 48 jam. Serat dipotong sepangjan kurang lebih 10 mm dan dipersiapkan untuk dicetak. Matriks unsaturated polyester dicampurkan dengan microcrystalline cellulose dengan magnetic steerer pada kecepatan 250 rpm, temperatur 40 oC,  5 % MCC, dan 30 menit waktu pencampuran. Pencetakan komposit dengan metode injection molding dan dipotong untuk persiapan spesimen pengujian. Pencetakan dengan fraksi volume 0 %, 10 %, 20 %, dan 30 % serat kenaf. Hasil pengujian kekuatan tarik menunjukkan fraksi volume 30 % memberikan kekuatan tarik sebesar 85.65 MPa naik 37 % dibanding tanpa serat. Hasil pengujian kekuatan bending(lentur)  menunjukkan adanya peningkatan sebanding dengan fraksi volume 30 % sebesar 153.21 MPa. Hasil modulus elastisitas pengujian menunjukan grafik yang sebanding dengan pengujian tarik dan lentur. Kata Kunci : fraksi volume, microcrystalline cellulose, serat kenaf, komposit AbstractThe purpose of the study was to determine the effect of the volume fraction of kenaf fiber on tensile strength, flexural strength, and modulus of elasticity. The kenaf fiber was treated with alkali by soaking the fiber in a 6% NaOH solution and distilled water with an immersion time of 6 hours. The fiber was dried in a closed place at room temperature for 48 hours. The fibers are cut in lengths of approximately 10 mm and prepared for printing. The unsaturated polyester matrix was mixed with microcrystalline cellulose with a magnetic steerer at a speed of 250 rpm, a temperature of 40 oC, 5% MCC, and 30 minutes of mixing time. Composite molding by hand lay up method and cut for preparation of test specimens. Printing with volume fractions of 0%, 10%, 20%, and 30% kenaf fiber. The results of the tensile strength test show that the volume fraction of 30% gives a tensile strength of   85.65 MPa, an increase of 37  % compared to without fiber. The results of the flexural strength test showed an increase in proportion to the volume fraction of 30% of 153.21 MPa. The results of the elastic modulus of the test show a graph that is comparable to the tensile and flexural tests.  Key Word : Volume fraction, microcrystalline  ceelulose, kenaf fiber, camposite

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