Pengaruh Jenis Plastik Terhadap Kualitas Minyak Pirolisis: Studi Konversi, Angka Cetane dan Angka Oktan Menggunakan Reactor Pirolisis Tabung Mendatar Kapasitas 100 Kg Self-Sufficient

Riyan Maulana, Rivkih Amanulloh, Bambang Sugiantoro, Mastur Mastur

Sari


Penelitian ini menganalisis karakteristik minyak hasil pirolisis dari berbagai jenis plastik, termasuk polietilena (PE), polipropilena (PP), polistirena (PS), dan Styrofoam, serta plastik campuran, dengan fokus pada konversi minyak, angka cetane, dan angka oktan. Hasil eksperimen menunjukkan bahwa durasi optimal pirolisis adalah 4 jam, di mana produksi minyak mencapai titik tertinggi sebelum berkurang akibat peningkatan pembentukan gas. PE dan PP menunjukkan konversi minyak tertinggi (>70%), dengan rantai hidrokarbon yang lebih panjang dan kestabilan termal yang baik, sehingga lebih sesuai untuk aplikasi bahan bakar diesel. Sebaliknya, PS dan Styrofoam menghasilkan minyak dengan angka oktan tinggi (>90), tetapi dengan konversi minyak yang lebih rendah (<70%), akibat dekomposisi struktur aromatiknya yang lebih kompleks. Hal ini menjadikan minyak hasil pirolisis PS dan Styrofoam lebih sesuai sebagai substitusi bensin. Perbedaan komposisi hidrokarbon dalam produk minyak ini menunjukkan bahwa karakteristik bahan bakar yang dihasilkan sangat bergantung pada jenis plastik yang digunakan. Oleh karena itu, optimasi pirolisis dengan katalis atau modifikasi kondisi reaktor diperlukan untuk meningkatkan selektivitas terhadap fraksi bahan bakar yang diinginkan, baik untuk aplikasi diesel maupun bensin

Kata Kunci


Pirolisis plastik, minyak pirolisis, angka cetane, angka oktan, bahan bakar alternatif

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Referensi


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